A root canal is a dental procedure designed to treat infection or damage to the pulp of a tooth. The pulp contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue, and when it becomes infected, it can cause severe pain and lead to abscesses. During the procedure, the dentist removes the infected pulp, cleans the interior of the tooth, and seals it to prevent further infection.

Root canals are often necessary due to deep decay, cracks, or trauma. Patients may experience discomfort or sensitivity prior to the treatment, but the procedure itself is typically performed under local anesthesia to minimize pain. Afterward, some soreness may occur, but this can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers.